以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题

 

英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es,但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词。它们用法多样,造成了实际使用上的困难,以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题。

(一)以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题

以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题,如:arthritis, bronchitis, diabetes, mumps, phlebitis, rickets, 这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语时,谓语动词通常用作单数。

  例如:

  Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.

(二)以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题

  以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语时,谓语动词通常用作单数。

  例如:

  Darts is basically a easy game.

  但当Darts, Marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时,谓语动词通常用作复数。 例如:

  Three darts are thrown at each turn.

  All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.

(三)以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题

  某些以-s结尾的地理名称,如果是国名,如the United States,the Netherlands等,因其是单一政治实体,所以谓语动词用作单数。 例如:

  The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s’.

  In early January 1996 the Netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976.

  但如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语,谓语动词用作复数。例如:

  The West Indies are commonly divided into two parts.

(四)以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题

  某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时,如physics, mathematics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics, statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics等, 谓语动词通常用作单数。例如:

  The third world economics is promising.

  Athletics is a required course for students of all grades.

  但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义,可作复数用。 例如:

  Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college.

(五)其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题

  A. 以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语

  英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词,如glasses, pincers, pliers, scissors, shorts, suspenders, trousers等。这类名词做主语,如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词,谓语动词通常用复数。

例如:

Mary’s glasses are new.

John’s trousers are black.

如果带有单位词,则由单位词决定动词的单、复数形式。

例如:

One pair of pincers isn’t enough.

Two pairs of scissors are missing from my tool box.

B.其他以-s结尾的名词

英语中还有一些以- s结尾的名词,如archives,arms,clothes, contents, eaves, fireworks, goods, minutes, morals, remains stairs, suburbs, thanks,wages这类名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。

例如:

The archives of the country are kept in the Department of Security.

The contents of the book are most amusing.

High wages often result in high prices.

My thanks are sincere.

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