雅思阅读分类词汇——文化类

        homogeneous 同质的 homo + gene +ous(<> heterogeneous)^ homosexual, heterosexual

  mainstream 主流 主流的

  dialect 方言 (v.s. accent)

  discrepancy 差异

  misconception 误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding

  barrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricade

  discrimination 区别,歧视racial/sexual discriminationß discriminate (+against)

  hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + y

  insularity 岛国性质 (ß insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.

  microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm(os)

  nostalgia = homesickness

  patriot 爱国者 (<> traitor)à patriotic, patriotism

  compatriot 同胞 同胞的com + patriot

  vernacular 本地的,本国的 本地话,本国话the vernacular languages of India

  Hispanic An American whose first language was Spanish

  immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)

  antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”

  permeate 渗透,弥漫Smoke permeated the house.

  entrepreneur 企业家 (~ enterprise)à entrepreneurship

  practitioner 开业者,从业者praction(practice) + er

  celebrity a famous person= luminary, VIP

  proxy 代理人

  anecdote 轶事 (à anecdotal)

  notoriety 恶名 (ß notorious)

  counterpart 对应人,对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalance

  peer 同等的人 凝视,窥视(~ peep)

  subordinate 下级 下级的<> superior

  tactics 战术,技巧v.s. strategy (战略,策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics

  nuance a subtle difference in meaning

  benchmarking 类比分析

  punctual 准时的,守时的 (à punctuality)

  absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeism

  flextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + time

  harass 骚扰 (à harassment)Mary said that Gary had sexually harassed her.

  redundancy 冗余,冗员network redundancy

  downsize 裁员 (~ lay off)

  ballot 投票 (= vote)

  impartial 不偏不倚的 (<> partial)

  lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)

  shortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)

  equilibrium 平衡,均衡

  questionnaire 调查表,问卷

  quantitative 定量的 (<> qualitative)

  contingency 偶然性,偶然事件

  incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recur

  ethical 伦理的,符合伦理的~ ethics, <> unethical

  dubious 疑惑的,可疑的 (~ doubt)People were dubious about the result.

  manifestation 显示,证明 (ß manifest)

  subtitle 字幕,副标题 (sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts)

  dubbing 配音录制

  vogue 时尚 ^ chic

  bizarre 奇异的v.s. weird (怪异的)

  mediocre 平庸的

  dietitian 饮食学家 (~ diet)

  connoisseur 行家,鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carte

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