美国高考SATII物理专题分析——Content of SAT II Physics
SAT是Scholastic Aptitude Test的缩写，是申请几乎所有美国大学必须参加的考试。通常，希望继续接受高等教育的高中生需要参加SAT考试，并且SAT考试得分是获取奖学金的重要标准之一。大部分美国大学要求SAT作为录取的条件并根据SAT得分授予奖学金。
Math and physics go hand in hand, right? You might be surprised, then, to learn that you aren’t allowed to use a calculator on SAT II Physics. The math required of you never goes beyond simple arithmetic and manipulation of equations. You have, on average, 48 seconds to answer each question, and the people at ETS realize that isn’t enough time to delve into problems involving simultaneous equations or complex trigonometry. They’re more interested in testing your grasp of the basic concepts of physics. If you’ve grasped these concepts, your weakness in math isn’t going to hurt you.
ETS breaks down the concepts you need to know for the test into six categories:
| Topic | Percentage of the Test |
|---|---|
| Mechanics | 34–38% |
| Electricity and Magnetism | 22–26% |
| Waves | 15–19% |
| Heat, Kinetic Theory, and Thermodynamics | 8–12% |
| Modern Physics | 8–12% |
| Miscellaneous | 2–4% |
While these categories are helpful, they are also very broad. You may be a whiz with waves but a loser with lenses, and want to know how much of the waves portion of the test will be devoted to optics. To help you out, we’ve broken the test down even further so that you’ll know exactly where to expect to feel the squeeze. (These figures are only approximations, and may vary from test to test.)
| Topic | % of the Test | Number of Questions |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanics | 34–38% | 25–29 |
| Vectors | 2% | 1–2 |
| Kinematics | 6% | 4–5 |
| Dynamics | 10% | 7–8 |
| Work, Energy, and Power | 6% | 4–5 |
| Special Problems in Mechanics | 5% | 3–4 |
| Linear Momentum | 2% | 1–2 |
| Rotational Motion | 1% | 0–1 |
| Circular Motion and Gravitation | 4% | 2–4 |
| Thermal Physics | 8–12% | 6–10 |
| Heat and Temperature | 4% | 2–4 |
| Kinetic Theory and Ideal Gas Laws | 2–3% | 1–2 |
| Laws of Thermodynamics | 1% | 0–2 |
| Heat Engines | 2–3% | 1–2 |
| Electricity & Magnetism | 22–26% | 16–20 |
| Electric Fields, Forces, Potential | 10% | 7–8 |
| Magnetic Fields and Forces | 6% | 4–5 |
| Electromagnetic Induction | 1% | 1 |
| Circuits and Circuit Elements | 6% | 4–5 |
| Waves | 15–19% | 11–15 |
| Waves | 10% | 7–8 |
| Optics | 7% | 5–6 |
| Modern Physics | 8–12% | 6–9 |
| Special Relativity | 1–2% | 1–2 |
| Atomic Models | 3% | 2–3 |
| Quantum Physics | 2% | 1–2 |
| Nuclear Physics | 3% | 2–3 |
| Miscellaneous | 2–4% | 1–3 |
| Graph Analysis | 1–2% | 0–2 |
| Equation Manipulation | 0.5–1% | 0–1 |
| Significant Digits and Lab Skills | 0.5–1% | 0–1 |
The chapters of this book are organized according to these categories. If a physics topic is not in this book, you don't need to know it. Here's some other helpful information:
You need to know: the formulas expressing physical relationships (such as F = ma), how to manipulate equations, how to read a graph
You don't need to know: trig identities, calculus, three-dimensional vectors and graphs, physical constants (such as G = 6.6710–11 N·m2 ⁄ kg2)